Family: Zingiberaceae
Synonym: Cardamomum subulatum (Roxb.) Kuntze
Common name: Black Cardamom, hill cardamom, Bengal cardamom, greater cardamom, Indian cardamom, Nepal cardamom, winged cardamom, brown cardamom Azarbizanica: Bizvari hil
Bengali: Boro alach Chinese: 香豆蔻
Czech: Nepálský kardamom
Experanto: Amomo
German: Schwarzer Kardamom
Gujarati: એલચો
Hindi: बड़ी इलायची Badi ilaichi
Kashmiri: Bari aleh بڑہ ألہ
Malayalam: പേരേലം
Nepali: अलैंची, ठूलो सुकुमेल Alaichi, Thulo sukumel
Norwegian: Svart kardemomme
Persian: هل سیاه
Tibetian: ཀ་ཀོ་ལ།
Urdu: Bari elaichi الائچی پوربی
Vietnamese: Đậu khấu thơm
Description: Plants 1--2 m tall. Ligule 3--4 mm, membranous, apex rounded, emarginate; petiole absent or nearly so on proximal leaves, 1--3 cm on distal ones; leaf blade oblong-lanceolate, 25--60 × 3.5--11 cm, glabrous, base rounded or cuneate, apex long cuspidate. Spikes subturbinate, ca. 5 cm in diam.; peduncle 0.5--4.5 cm, scalelike sheaths brown; bracts pale red, ovate, ca. 3 cm, apex obtuse with horny cusp; bracteoles tubular, ca. 3 cm, apex acute, emarginate. Calyx glabrous, 3-cleft to middle; lobes subulate. Corolla tube equaling calyx; lobes yellow, central one subulate at apex. Lateral staminodes red, subulate, ca. 2 mm. Labellum with yellow midvein, oblong, ca. 3 cm, white pubescent, veins conspicuous, apex involute. Filament ca. 5 mm; anther ca. 1 cm; connective appendage elliptic, entire, ca. 4 mm. Capsule purple or red-brown, globose, 2--2.5 cm in diam., with 10 undulate wings, apex with persistent calyx. Fl. May--Jun, fr. Jun--Sep. 2 n = 48.
Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Seeds astringent, aromatic, hypnotic, cardiotonic, blood purifier, carminative, diuretic, aphrodisiac, stimulant, stomachic, used in neuralgia, gonorrhea, anorexia, eye inflammation, fever, cold, chill, malaria, neuralgia, diarrhea, gonorrhea, headache, impotence, dyspepsia, vomiting, antidote to scorpion sting and snakebite, a gargle in affections of the teeth and gums; fried powdered seeds given with water in cholera; seeds decoction given in abdominal pain and in heart and liver disorders; powdered seeds used in cough, vomiting, rectum diseases. Crushed fruit applied over the area affected by a scorpion bite, also given to eat. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
The Wealth of India says that the seeds are used for spice and medicine, much as those of A. subulatum. Indeed, they are so alike that Hager’s Handbook (1972) treats them under the same entry. I’m inclined to do the same thing here in this spice book, knowing how difficult members of the ginger family are to separate taxonomically. Ayurvedics use the pungent seeds for abdominal pains, biliousness, enlarged spleen, indigestion, itch, and other ailments of the head, mouth, and rectum (KAB). The herbal PDR notes that TCM uses the species for diarrhea, digestive upsets, malaria, and vomiting. The seeds are credited as being alexeteric, astringent, stimulant, and stomachic, having been prescribed for abdominal diseases, biliousness, dyspepsia, rectal diseases, and vomiting. In large doses (30 grains), the seeds are taken with quinine for neuralgia. The seed decoction is gargled for gum and tooth problems. The seeds, with those of melon, are used as diuretics in kidney stones (WOI). Seeds promote elimination of bile, hence useful in liver problems. Seeds also used in gonorrhea (WOI). Unani regard the seeds as astringent, cardiotonic, hepatotonic, hypnotic, orexigenic and stomachic (KAB). The husk of the fruit (pericarp) is used for headache and “heals stomatitis” (WOI). While I’d be reluctant myself, Indians apply the aromatic oil from the seeds to their eyes to soothe inflammation. [CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices]
Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Seeds astringent, aromatic, hypnotic, cardiotonic, blood purifier, carminative, diuretic, aphrodisiac, stimulant, stomachic, used in neuralgia, gonorrhea, anorexia, eye inflammation, fever, cold, chill, malaria, neuralgia, diarrhea, gonorrhea, headache, impotence, dyspepsia, vomiting, antidote to scorpion sting and snakebite, a gargle in affections of the teeth and gums; fried powdered seeds given with water in cholera; seeds decoction given in abdominal pain and in heart and liver disorders; powdered seeds used in cough, vomiting, rectum diseases. Crushed fruit applied over the area affected by a scorpion bite, also given to eat. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
The Wealth of India says that the seeds are used for spice and medicine, much as those of A. subulatum. Indeed, they are so alike that Hager’s Handbook (1972) treats them under the same entry. I’m inclined to do the same thing here in this spice book, knowing how difficult members of the ginger family are to separate taxonomically. Ayurvedics use the pungent seeds for abdominal pains, biliousness, enlarged spleen, indigestion, itch, and other ailments of the head, mouth, and rectum (KAB). The herbal PDR notes that TCM uses the species for diarrhea, digestive upsets, malaria, and vomiting. The seeds are credited as being alexeteric, astringent, stimulant, and stomachic, having been prescribed for abdominal diseases, biliousness, dyspepsia, rectal diseases, and vomiting. In large doses (30 grains), the seeds are taken with quinine for neuralgia. The seed decoction is gargled for gum and tooth problems. The seeds, with those of melon, are used as diuretics in kidney stones (WOI). Seeds promote elimination of bile, hence useful in liver problems. Seeds also used in gonorrhea (WOI). Unani regard the seeds as astringent, cardiotonic, hepatotonic, hypnotic, orexigenic and stomachic (KAB). The husk of the fruit (pericarp) is used for headache and “heals stomatitis” (WOI). While I’d be reluctant myself, Indians apply the aromatic oil from the seeds to their eyes to soothe inflammation. [CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices]
88 Published articles of Amomum subulatum
1. Optimization of genomic DNA extraction from fresh and dry leaves of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) for diversity analysis
Mathew, K. Mary; Jose, Sherin; Rao, Y. S.; et al.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY Volume: 13 Issue: 2 Pages: 221-224 Published: APR 2014
2. Isolation and identification of new phytoconstituents from the fruit extract of Amomum subulatum Roxb.
Kumar, Gopal; Chauhan, Baby; Ali, Mohammed
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH Volume: 28 Issue: 2 Pages: 127-133 Published: JAN 17 2014
3. In vitro micropropagation of Amomum subulatum (Zingiberaceae), a major traditional cash crop of Sikkim Himalaya.
Sushen Pradhan; Smrita Pradhan; Basistha, B. C.; et al.
International Journal of Life Sciences Biotechnology and Pharma Research Volume: 3 Issue: 2 Pages: 169-180 Published: 2014
4. Efficacy of microbial inoculants and organic fertilizer for establishing large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) sucker nursery.
Mahesh, S. S.; Saju, K. A.; Vadiraj, B. A.; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 23 Issue: 1 Pages: 138-142 Published: 2014
5. Genetic Diversity in Large Cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb) using ISSR Markers
Lekshmi, Remya; Jose, Sherin; Anisha, C. S.; et al.
Advances in Plant Sciences Volume: 26 Issue: 2 Pages: 347-351 Published: DEC 2013
6. Amomum subulatum (Roxb.) seeds extract ameliorates paracetamol-induced hepatoxocicity in rats
Parmar, Mihir Y.; Shah, Purvi A.; Al-Rejaie, Salim S.; et al.
Conference: Joint Annual Meeting of the ASPET/BPS at Experimental Biology (EB) Location: Boston, MA Date: APR 20-24, 2013
Sponsor(s): ASPET; British Pharmacol Soc (BPS)
FASEB JOURNAL Volume: 27 Meeting Abstract: lb639 Published: APR 2013
7. Analysis of the essential oil of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) growing in different agro-climatic zones of Himachal Pradesh, India
Joshi, Robin; Sharma, Poonam; Sharma, Virbala; et al.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE Volume: 93 Issue: 6 Pages: 1303-1309 Published: APR 2013
8. Yield loss of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) due to Colletotrichum blight in Sikkim.
Saju, K. A.; Mech, S.; Deka, T. N.; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 22 Issue: 2 Pages: 215-218 Published: 2013
9. Colletotrichum blight control in large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) nursery.
Saju, K. A.; Kuldeep, R.; Deka, T. N.; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 22 Issue: 2 Pages: 219-221 Published: 2013
10. Large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.): a spice crop with multiple uses.
Gudade, B. A.; Chhetri, P.; Deka, T. N.; et al.
Indian Journal of Arecanut, Spices and Medicinal Plants Volume: 15 Issue: 4 Pages: 14-16 Published: 2013
11. Ideal site for installing ICRI improved bhatti (drier) for curing large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) capsule.
Bhattarai, N. K.; Deka, T. N.; Chhetri, P.; et al.
Lifesciences Leaflets Volume: 7 Issue: 7 Pages: 54-57 Published: 2013
12. Effects of solvents and extraction techniques on total phenolic content and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity of greater cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) seeds.
Khadka, R.; Jirapakkul, W.
Conference: Proceedings of the 51st Kasetsart University Annual Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-7 February 2013.
Proceedings of the 51st Kasetsart University Annual Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-7 February 2013 Pages: P156 Published: 2013
13. 1, 8-Cineole: a predominant component in the essential oil of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.).
Bhandari, A. K.; Bisht, V. K.; Negi, J. S.; et al.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Volume: 7 Issue: 26 Pages: 1957-1960 Published: 2013
14. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ANTIMICROBIAL AND TOPICAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF AMOMUM SUBULATUM FRUITS
Agnihotri, Supriya A.; Wakode, Sharad R.; Ali, Mohammed
ACTA POLONIAE PHARMACEUTICA Volume: 69 Issue: 6 Pages: 1177-1181 Published: NOV-DEC 2012
15. Design and performance evaluation of solar dryer for drying of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum)
Seveda, M. S.; Jhajharia, Deepak
JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY Volume: 4 Issue: 6 Article Number: 063129 Published: NOV 1 2012
16. Chemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Amomum subulatum Essential Oils from Nepal
Satyal, Prabodh; Dosoky, Noura S.; Kincer, Brittany L.; et al.
NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS Volume: 7 Issue: 9 Pages: 1233-1236 Published: SEP 2012
17. Evidence of functional specialization and pollination syndrome in Amomum subulatum Roxb. (Zingiberaceae)
Kishore, Kundan; Kalita, H.; Rinchen, D.; et al.
CURRENT SCIENCE Volume: 103 Issue: 2 Pages: 193-199 Published: JUL 25 2012
18. Anti-diabetic activity of Amomum subulatum Roxb. fruit constituents.
Vavaiya, R. B.; Patel Amit; Manek, R. A.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovations (IJPI) Volume: 2 Issue: 5 Pages: 50-63 Published: 2012
19. Effect of Greater cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) on blood lipids, fibrinolysis and total antioxidant status in patients with ischemic heart disease.
Verma, S. K.; Vartika Jain; Singh, D. P.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease Issue: Supplement 2 Pages: S739-S743 Published: 2012
20. Evaluation of free radical scavenging activity of fruit constituents of Amomum subulatum Roxb.
Rajani, R. S.; Nathwani, S. V.; Manek, R. A.; et al.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Bio-Science Volume: 1 Issue: 6 Pages: 103-111 Published: 2012
21. Anti-inflammatory effect of Amomum subulatum Roxb. fruits extract.
Gopal Kumar; Baby Chauhan; Mohammed Ali
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (IJPSR) Volume: 3 Issue: 12 Pages: 4722-4724 Published: 2012
22. Chilling injury of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) in high altitudes of Sikkim and Darjeeling, India.
Saju, K. A.; Deka, T. N.; Gupta, U.; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 21 Issue: 1 Pages: 78-81 Published: 2012
23. In-vitro antibacterial properties and pre-liminary phtytochemical analysis of Amomum subulatum Roxburg (large cardamom).
Tijjani, M. A.; Dimari, G. A.; Buba, S. W.; et al.
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Volume: 2 Issue: 5 Pages: 69-73 Published: 2012
24. Hepatoprotection through regulation of voltage dependent anion channel expression by Amomum subulatum Roxb seeds extract
Parmar, Mihir Y.; Shah, Purvi A.; Gao, Jing; et al.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY Volume: 43 Issue: 6 Pages: 671-675 Published: NOV-DEC 2011
25. Amomum subulatum Roxb: Traditional, phytochemical and biological activities-An overview
Bisht, V. K.; Negi, J. S.; Bhandari, A. K.; et al.
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH Volume: 6 Issue: 24 Pages: 5386-5390 Published: OCT 26 2011
26. Occurrence of Phylloidy of Large Cardamom (Amomum subulatum) in Sikkim
Saju, K. A.; Deka, T. N.; Gupta, U.; et al.
Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology Volume: 41 Issue: 3 Pages: 457-458 Published: SEP 2011
27. ESSENTIAL OIL AND OLEORESINS OF CARDAMOM (AMOMUM SUBULATUM ROXB.) AS NATURAL FOOD PRESERVATIVES FOR SWEET ORANGE (CITRUS SINENSIS) JUICE
Kapoor, I. P. S.; Singh, Bandana; Singh, Gurdip
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING Volume: 34 Issue: 4 Pages: 1101-1113 Published: AUG 2011
28. Pollination studies in large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) of Sikkim Himalayan region of India
Kishore, Kundan; Kalita, Homeshwar; Singh, Matber; et al.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE Volume: 129 Issue: 4 Pages: 735-741 Published: JUL 27 2011
29. Large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) based agroforestry systems for production, resource conservation and livelihood security in the Sikkim Himalayas.
Avasthe, R. K.; Singh, K. K.; Tomar, J. M. S.
Indian Journal of Soil Conservation Volume: 39 Issue: 2 Pages: 155-160 Published: 2011
30. Lipid lowering and antioxidant effects of Amomum subulatum seeds (Family Zingiberaceae) in cholesterol fed rabbits
Bairwa, G. L.; Jasuja, N. D.; Joshi, S. C.
Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection Volume: 44 Issue: 14 Pages: 1425-1431 Published: 2011
31. Incidence of Phoma leaf spot disease of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) and in vitro evaluation of fungicides against the pathogen.
Saju, K. A.; Deka, T. N.; Sudharshan, M. R.; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 20 Issue: 2 Pages: 86-88 Published: 2011
32. In vitro evaluation of biocontrol agents, botanicals and fungicides against Pestalotiopsis sp. infecting large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.).
Saju, K. A.; Smrita Mech; Deka, T. N.; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 20 Issue: 2 Pages: 89-92 Published: 2011
33. Hail injury in large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) at high altitudes of Sikkim.
Saju, K. A.; Deka, T. N.; Mahesh, S. S.; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 20 Issue: 2 Pages: 93-95 Published: 2011
34. Pharmacognostical, preliminary phytochemical studies and analgesic activity of Amomum subulatum Roxb.
Shukla, S. H.; Mistry, H. A.; Patel, V. G.; et al.
Pharma Science Monitor Volume: 1 Issue: 1 Pages: 90-102 Published: 2010
35. Hepatoprotective activity of Amomum subulatum Roxb against ethanol-induced liver damage.
Parmar, M. Y.; Purvi Shah; Vaishali Thakkar; et al.
International Journal of Green Pharmacy Volume: 3 Issue: 3 Pages: 250-254 Published: 2009
36. Evaluation of Amomum subulatum Roxb oil as a source of botanical fungitoxicant for the protection of mango fruits from fungal rotting
Dubey, R. K.; Kumar, Rajesh; Jaya; et al.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY Volume: 28 Issue: 3 Pages: 400-412 Published: AUG 2008
37. Essential oil composition of the fruits of Amomum subulatum Roxb.
Kaskoos, Raad A.; Mir, Showkat R.; Kapoor, Reni; et al.
JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL BEARING PLANTS Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Pages: 184-187 Published: MAR-APR 2008
38. Storage characteristics of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb) and seeds in different packages
Sulochanamma, G.; Ramalakshmi, K.; Kumar, Mohan T. M.; et al.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Pages: 183-186 Published: MAR-APR 2008
39. Chemistry, antifungal and antioxidant activities of cardamom ( Amomum subulatum) essential oil and oleoresins.
Kapoor, I. P. S.; Singh, B.; Singh, G.; et al.
International Journal of Essential Oil Therapeutics Volume: 2 Issue: 1 Pages: 29-40 Published: 2008
40. Efficacy of essential oil of Amomum subulatum as a novel aflatoxin B 1 suppressor.
Priyanka Singh; Bhawana Srivastava; Ashok Kumar; et al.
Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants Volume: 14 Issue: 3-4 Pages: 208-218 Published: 2008
41. Pollination biology of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum)
Sinu, Palatty Allesh; Shivanna, K. R.
CURRENT SCIENCE Volume: 93 Issue: 4 Pages: 548-552 Published: AUG 25 2007
42. Field evaluation of tissue cultured (TC) plants against open pollinated (OP) seedlings of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb) selections.
Gupta, U.; Biswas, A. K.; Thomas, J.; et al.
Edited Keshavachandran, R.; Nazeem, P.; Girija, D.; et al.
Conference: Recent trends in horticultural biotechnology, Vol. I and II. ICAE national symposium on biotechnological interventions for improvement of horticultural crops: issues and strategies, Vellanikkara, Kerala, India, 10-12 January, 2005.
Recent trends in horticultural biotechnology, Vol. I and II. ICAE national symposium on biotechnological interventions for improvement of horticultural crops: issues and strategies, Vellanikkara, Kerala, India, 10-12 January, 2005 Pages: 457-461 Published: 2007
43. Studies on quality attributes of cultivars of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.)
Pura Naik, J.; Mohan Kumar, T. M.; Sulochanamma, G.; et al.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE Volume: 43 Issue: 3 Pages: 308-311 Published: MAY-JUN 2006
44. Nutritional ecology of Chrysomela chlorina Maulik (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) on large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) and its shade tree, Alnus nepalensis D. Don in the agroforestry systems of Sikkim.
Nittie Srivastava; Ananda Mukhopadhyay
Conference: PLACROSYM XVII, Proceedings of the 17th Symposium on Plantation Crops, Kochi, India, 5-8 December 2006.
Journal of Plantation Crops Volume: 34 Issue: 3 Pages: 446-448 Published: 2006
45. Large scale production, costs involved and field performance of TC plants of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxburgh).
Rao, Y. S.; Mathew, K. M.; Kumar, K. P.; et al.
Conference: PLACROSYM XVII, Proceedings of the 17th Symposium on Plantation Crops, Kochi, India, 5-8 December 2006.
Journal of Plantation Crops Volume: 34 Issue: 3 Pages: 591-596 Published: 2006
46. Multivariate analysis in large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.).
Gupta, U.; Kuruvilla, K. M.; Menon, P. P.; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 15 Issue: 2 Pages: 133-135 Published: 2006
47. Fumigation studies on cured large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) capsules
Naik, JP; Ramesh, BS; Gurudutt, KN
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE Volume: 42 Issue: 6 Pages: 531-533 Published: NOV-DEC 2005
48. Antiulcerogenic activity of Elettaria cardamomum Maton. and Amomum subulatum Roxb. seeds.
Anwar Jamal; Farah; Aisha Siddiqui; et al.
Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge Volume: 4 Issue: 3 Pages: 298-302 Published: 2005
49. Methods of sustainable harvesting and value addition for economic uplift and biodiversity conservation series 28 - Harvesting of economically important medicinal plant species: Amomum subulatum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Mucuna pruriens and Psoralea corylifolia.
Alka Shiva
MFP News Volume: 15 Issue: 3 Pages: 13-16 Published: 2005
50. Chemical composition of the volatile oil from the pericarp (husk) of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.)
Naik, JP; Rao, LJM; Kumar, TMM; et al.
FLAVOUR AND FRAGRANCE JOURNAL Volume: 19 Issue: 5 Pages: 441-444 Published: SEP-OCT 2004
51. Analysis of the oil of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum roxb.) growing in Sikkim
Rout, PK; Sahoo, D; Jena, KS; et al.
JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH Volume: 15 Issue: 4 Pages: 265-266 Published: JUL-AUG 2003
52. An investigation on nutritional status of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) and its soil.
Khatiwada, Purushottam P.; Subba, Desh B.
Journal of Hill Research Volume: 16 Issue: 1 Pages: 16-21 Published: June 2003
53. Evaluation of the gastric antiulcerogenic effect of large cardamom (fruits of Amomum subulatum Roxb)
Jafri, MA; Farah; Javed, K; et al.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY Volume: 75 Issue: 2-3 Pages: 89-94 Published: MAY 2001
54. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging active compounds from greater cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.)
Kikuzaki, H; Kawai, Y; Nakatani, N
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND VITAMINOLOGY Volume: 47 Issue: 2 Pages: 167-171 Published: APR 2001
55. Packaging and storage studies on flue-cured large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb)
Naik, JP; Balasubrahmanyam, N; Dhanaraj, S; et al.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE Volume: 37 Issue: 6 Pages: 577-581 Published: NOV-DEC 2000
56. Anthocyanin pigments of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) pods
Pura Naik, J.; Jagan Mohan Rao, L.; Gurudutt, K. N.
Journal of Food Science and Technology Volume: 36 Issue: 4 Pages: 358-360 Published: July-Aug., 1999
57. Anthocyanin pigments of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) pods
Naik, JP; Rao, LJM; Gurudutt, KN
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE Volume: 36 Issue: 4 Pages: 358-360 Published: JUL-AUG 1999
58. Anti-oxidant effects of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) bark and greater cardamom (Amomum subulatum) seeds in rats fed high fat diet
Dhuley, J. N.
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology Volume: 37 Issue: 3 Pages: 238-242 Published: March, 1999
59. A comparison of the essential oils of Aframomum daniellii (Hook. f.) K. Schum. and Amomum subulatum Roxb
Adegoke, GO; Rao, LJM; Shankaracharya, NB
FLAVOUR AND FRAGRANCE JOURNAL Volume: 13 Issue: 5 Pages: 349-352 Published: SEP-OCT 1998
60. Micropropagation of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.).
Sajina, A.; Mini, P. M.; John, C. Z.; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Pages: 145-148 Published: 1997
61. Volatile constituents of large cardamon (Amomum subulatum Roxb.)
Gurudutt, K. N.; Naik, J. P.; Srinivas, P.; et al.
Flavour and Fragrance Journal Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 7-9 Published: 1996
62. Growth performance and capsule characteristics in large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum).
Gupta, U.
Journal of Hill Research Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: 93-95 Published: 1996
63. Prevalence of fungal diseases of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) in Sikkim, India.
Srivastava, L. S.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 4 Issue: 1 Pages: 64-66 Published: 1995
64. Large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) - a review.
Rao, Y. S.; Anand Kumar; Sujatha Chatterjee; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 2 Issue: 1-2 Pages: 1-15 Published: 1993
65. A note on large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.) germplasm collection.
Rao, Y. S.; Gupta, U.; Anand Kumar; et al.
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops Volume: 2 Issue: 1/2 Pages: 77-80 Published: 1993
66. Preliminary observations on germinating large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxb) seed in the laboratory.
Paudyal, B.; Neupane, P. R.; Bhattarai, M. R.
PAC Working Paper - Pakhribas Agricultural Centre Issue: 43 Pages: 14 pp. Published: 1993
67. PHENOLOGY OF FLOWERING IN LARGE CARDAMOM (AMOMUM-SUBULATUM) AT GANGTOK
KARIBASAPPA, GS
INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Volume: 62 Issue: 3 Pages: 205-209 Published: MAR 1992
68. FUNGITOXICITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF AMOMUM-SUBULATUM AGAINST ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS
MISHRA, AK; DUBEY, NK
ECONOMIC BOTANY Volume: 44 Issue: 4 Pages: 530-533 Published: OCT-DEC 1990
69. FUNGITOXICITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF AMOMUM-SUBULATUM AGAINST ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS
PHILLIPS O
Economic Botany Volume: 44 Issue: 4 Pages: 530-536 Published: 1990
70. HALF-SIB PROGENY ANALYSIS FOR VARIABILITY, ASSOCIATION AMONG CAPSULE TRAITS AND PATH-COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS AMONG COMPONENTS OF ESSENTIAL OIL IN LARGE CARDAMOM (AMOMUM-SUBULATUM)
KARIBASAPPA, GS; DHIMAN, KR; RAI, RN
INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Volume: 59 Issue: 10 Pages: 621-625 Published: OCT 1989
71. LARGE CARDAMOM (AMOMUM-SUBULATUM ROXB) PLANTATION - AN AGE OLD AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM IN EASTERN HIMALAYAS
SINGH, KA; RAI, RN; PATIRAM; et al.
AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS Volume: 9 Issue: 3 Pages: 241-257 Published: 1989
72. Insect pests of large cardomom (Amomum subulatum Roxberg) in Sikkim.
Azad Thakur, N.S.; Sachan, J.N.
Bulletin of Entomology Volume: 28 Issue: 1 Pages: 46-58 Published: 1987[1989]
73. Studies on capsule morphology of large cardamom cultivars ( Amomum subulatum Roxb.).
Gupta, P. N.
Journal of Plantation Crops Volume: 16 Issue: Supplement Pages: 371-375 Published: 1989
74. AMOMUM-SUBULATUM, A NEW HOST FOR PHAKOPSORA-ELLETARIAE (RACIB) CUMMINS FROM SIKKIM
SRIVASTAVA, LS; VERMA, RN
CURRENT SCIENCE Volume: 56 Issue: 11 Pages: 544-544 Published: JUN 5 1987
75. Insect pests of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxburg) in Sikkim.
Thakur, N. S. A.; Sachan, J. N.
Bulletin of Entomology (New Delhi) Volume: 28 Issue: 1 Pages: 46-58 Published: 1987
76. Seasonal incidence of insect pests of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum Roxburg) in Sikkim.
Thakur, N. S. A.
Research Bulletin, Indian Council for Agricultural Research Issue: 21 Pages: 21 pp. Published: 1982
77. Electron microscopy of the virus causing foorkey disease of large cardamom Amomum subulatum Roxb.
Alhwat, Y. S.; Raychaudhuri, S. P.; Yora, K.; et al.
National Academy Science Letters Volume: 4 Issue: 4 Pages: 165 Published: 1981
78. STRUCTURE OF A NEW AURONE GLYCOSIDE FROM AMOMUM-SUBULATUM SEEDS
LAKSHMI, V; CHAUHAN, JS
INDIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY SECTION B-ORGANIC CHEMISTRY INCLUDING MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY Volume: 15 Issue: 9 Pages: 814-815 Published: 1977
79. THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETECTION OF AMOMUM-SUBULATUM ROXB IN ELLETARIA-CARDAMOMUM MATON
SEN, AR; SENGUPTA, P; SARDAR, PK; et al.
JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Pages: 307-308 Published: 1977
80. Cardamonin and alpinetin from the seeds of Amomum subulatum.
Bheemasankara Rao, C; Namosiva Rao, T; Suryaprakasam, S
Planta medica Volume: 29 Issue: 4 Pages: 391-2 Published: 1976-Jun
81. CHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF SEEDS OF AMOMUM-SUBULATUM
LAKSHMI, V; CHAUHAN, JS
JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY Volume: 53 Issue: 6 Pages: 633-633 Published: 1976
82. CARDAMONIN AND ALPINETIN FROM SEEDS OF AMOMUM-SUBULATUM
RAO, CB; RAO, TN; SURYAPRAKASAM, S
PLANTA MEDICA Volume: 29 Issue: 4 Pages: 391-392 Published: 1976
83. A new leaf blight disease of larger Cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) in Darjeeling District, West Bengal.
BANERJEE, S. K.
Science and Culture Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Pages: 47-48 Published: 1970
84. A rapid test for detecting chirke affected large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) plants in field
GANGULY, B.
SCI CULT Volume: 32 Issue: (2) Pages: 95-96 Published: 1966
85. Koprlngay, a larger Cardamon variety [Amomum subulatum], tolerant to Foorkey [virus] disease [Pentalonia nigronervosa. vector]
MAJUMDER, D.
SCI CULT Volume: 32 Issue: (5) Pages: 259-260 Published: 1966
86. Further studies on Chirke disease of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Rexb.)
RAYCHAUDHURI, S. P.
INDIAN PHYTOPATHOL Volume: 18 Issue: (4) Pages: 363-377 Published: 1965
87. APHID TRANSMISSION OF NEW MOSAIC STREAK DISEASE OF LARGE CARDAMOM
RAYCHAUDHURI, SP; CHATTERJEE, SN
PHYTOPATHOLOGY Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Pages: 904-& Published: 1964
88. Chemical examination of the essential oil derived from the seeds of Amomum subulatum Roxb.
NIGAM, S. S.; PUROHIT, R. M.
Perfumery and Essential Oil Record Volume: 51 Pages: 121-3 Published: 1960
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